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Friday, July 3, 2020

Non Magnetic Cable Ties to Secure Single Core (1C) Cable Trefoil Formation in Underground

In a certain Technical Standard, there is a clause for underground cable with regards to Single core cables, when laid in trefoil formation, shall be braced by preformed non-magnetic clamps or cleats designed to withstand the mechanical forces caused by short circuit currents.


Upon checking with electrical colleagues and counterparts, for underground (UG) cables, they rarely see use of cleats or clamps to secure the 1C cable trefoil formation. The use of cleats and clamps are normally seen at cable bending and when entering building to secure the above ground cables. Most of the times, the contractors propose to use cable ties made with SS316 coated with PU.

So are these SS316 cable ties non-magnetic type?

There are actually many types of stainless steel categories, which are:
1. Austenitic
2. Ferritic
3. Martensitic
4. Duplex
5. Precipitation-hardened.

We'll be focusing on austenitic and ferritic stainless steel material. What do they mean?

>>> Ferritic – generally magnetic
Ferritic stainless steels are classified in the 400 series, usually with 10% to 30% chromium content, and are often chosen for their excellent corrosion resistance and elevated temperature oxidation resistance.

>>> Austenitic – non-magnetic in the annealed condition
Austenitic stainless steels are chromium-nickel-iron (series 300) or chromium nickel-manganese-iron (series 200) alloys. Austenitic stainless steels are non-magnetic in the annealed condition but, depending on the composition (mainly the nickel and manganese content), they become slightly magnetic when cold worked. Austenitic stainless steel cannot be hardened by heat treating but only by cold working.

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For specification of non-magnetic stainless steel cable ties to brace the 1C cables trefoil formation, one should specify it to be made of Austenitic Stainless Steel to address the non-magnetic material requirement.

What are your experiences with regards to this requirement? Do share in the comment below.

Thursday, June 4, 2020

Protection System 12 Cable Protection (By CoEE)


Peace be upon all of us

Perkongsian Electrical Protection System: 12 Cable Protection by Crux of Electrical Engineering, Malaysia.

Video akan merangkumi:
- Cable OCEF and Pilot Wire

Here's the Video Link: https://youtu.be/pmCEC_UoN18
(Siri ke-12 dari 17)

#cruxofelectricalengineering #cruxofee #electricalengineering #electricaltraining #Malaysia #protectionrelay #BahasaMalaysia #ocef #overcurrent #earthfault #cable #cableprotection

Thank you for listening. Please don’t forget to:

- Youtube Channel: Crux of EE @ https://bit.ly/2wwtsb8
- Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/cruxofee
- Web: www.cruxofee.com
- Instagram: @cruxofee
- Any questions, you can email or comment below

Crux of Electrical Engineering
E: cruxofee@gmail.com

Protection System 11 Transformer Protection (By CoEE)

Peace be upon all of us

Perkongsian Electrical Protection System: 11 Transformer Protection by Crux of Electrical Engineering, Malaysia. Video akan merangkumi:
- Transformer Problems/ Failure Modes (Brief)
- Transformer Electrical and Mechanical Protection

Here's the Video Link: https://youtu.be/L3yEc_-lCmM (Siri ke-11 dari 17)

#cruxofelectricalengineering #cruxofee #electricalengineering #electricaltraining #Malaysia #protectionrelay #BahasaMalaysia #ocef #overcurrent #earthfault #transformer #transformerprotection #buchholz #PRD #pressurereliefdevice #windingtemperature #oiltemperature #restrictedearthfault #Ansi64 #ansi87N #Ansi87T

Thank you for listening. Please don’t forget to:

- Youtube Channel: Crux of EE @ https://bit.ly/2wwtsb8
- Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/cruxofee
- Web: www.cruxofee.com
- Instagram: @cruxofee
- Any questions, you can email or comment below

Crux of Electrical Engineering
E: cruxofee@gmail.com

Saturday, May 30, 2020

Protection System 10 Circuit Breaker Trip Coil (By CoEE)

Peace be upon all of us
Siri ke 10 dari 17: Circuit Breaker Trip Coil dan Trip Circuit Supervision.
Dalam Chapter 10: Circuit Breaker Trip Coil ini akan diterangkan mengenai:
- Trip Circuit Supervision and its purpose #ikigai
- Simple Troubleshooting to detect problems in Trip Circuit Supervision
Please share this post with your Electrical fraternity.
Thank you for listening. Please don’t forget to subscribe:
- Youtube Channel: Crux of EE @ https://bit.ly/2wwtsb8
- Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/cruxofee
- Web: www.cruxofee.com
- Instagram: @cruxofee
- Any questions, you can email to cruxofee@gmail.com or comment below

Thursday, May 28, 2020

Protection System 09A Understanding Electrical Drawings - SIPROTEC 7SJ621 (by CoEE)

Technical sharing on Electrical Protection System: 09A Understanding Electrical Drawings - SIPROTEC 7SJ621 by Crux of Electrical Engineering, Malaysia. NOTE: Please download the sample schematics at https://shorturl.at/pvBD7 to be referred to during the course of this presentation. Presentation dan komentar mix in English dan Bahasa Melayu. Yotube link: https://youtu.be/PxGKi1z4co4 This video is on 09A Understanding Electrical Drawings - SIPROTEC 7SJ621 which is one the following covered topics: 01 Introduction 02 CT and VT - Part 2 - On VT 03 Relay Classification 04 Grandfather of all Protection – OCEF 05 Directional OC 06 Differential Protection 07 Types of System Earthing 08 Making sure the right relay operates 08A What To Do After Relay Trips 09 Understanding the Drawings ============ 09A Understanding Electrical Drawings - SIPROTEC 7SJ621 ============ 10 CB Trip Coil – How To Check

Protection 09 Understanding Electrical Drawings (By CoEE)

NOTE: Please download the sample schematics at https://shorturl.at/pvBD7 to be referred to during the course of this presentation. Technical sharing on Electrical Protection System: 09 Understanding Electrical Drawings (Schematic) by Crux of Electrical Engineering, Malaysia. Presentation dan komentar mix in English dan Bahasa Melayu. Yotube link: https://youtu.be/Lzkaw73stGo This video is on 09 Understanding Electrical Drawings (Schematic) which is one the following covered topics: 01 Introduction 02 CT and VT - Part 2 - On VT 03 Relay Classification 04 Grandfather of all Protection – OCEF 05 Directional OC 06 Differential Protection 07 Types of System Earthing 08 Making sure the right relay operates 08A What To Do After Relay Trips ============ 09 Understanding the Drawings ============ 10 CB Trip Coil – How To Check

Protection System - 08A What To Do After Relay Trips (by CoEE)

Technical sharing on Electrical Protection System:08A What To Do After Relay Trips by Crux of Electrical Engineering, Malaysia. Presentation dan komentar dalam Bahasa Malaysia (Malay Language) Yotube link: https://youtu.be/bgHvsEV8MkA This video is on 08A What To Do After Relay Trips which is one the following covered topics: 01 Introduction 02 CT and VT - Part 2 - On VT 03 Relay Classification 04 Grandfather of all Protection – OCEF 05 Directional OC 06 Differential Protection 07 Types of System Earthing 08 Making sure the right relay operates ============ 08A What To Do After Relay Trips ============ 09 Understanding the Drawings

Saturday, May 16, 2020

Protection System - 08 Making sure the right relay operates (By CoEE)

Technical sharing on Electrical Protection System: 08 Making sure the right relay operates by Crux of Electrical Engineering, Malaysia. Presentation dan komentar dalam Bahasa Malaysia (Malay Language) Yotube link: https://youtu.be/XpKCMiwyTn4 This video is on 08 Making sure the right relay operates which is one the following covered topics: 01 Introduction 02 CT and VT - Part 2 - On VT 03 Relay Classification 04 Grandfather of all Protection – OCEF 05 Directional OC 06 Differential Protection 07 Types of System Earthing ============ 08 Making sure the right relay operates ============ 09 Understanding the Drawings

Protection System - 07 Types Of System Earthing (By CoEE)

Technical sharing on Electrical Protection System: 07 Types Of System Earthing by Crux of Electrical Engineering, Malaysia. Presentation dan komentar dalam Bahasa Malaysia (Malay Language) Yotube link: https://youtu.be/P18aj_BKipU This video is on 07 Types Of System Earthing which is one the following covered topics: 01 Introduction 02 CT and VT - Part 2 - On VT 03 Relay Classification 04 Grandfather of all Protection – OCEF 05 Directional OC 06 Differential Protection ============ 07 Types of System Earthing ============ 08 Making sure the right relay operates

Monday, May 11, 2020

Protection System - 06 Differential Protection (By CoEE)





Technical sharing on Electrical Protection System: 06 Differential Protection by Crux of Electrical Engineering, Malaysia.

Presentation dan komentar dalam Bahasa Malaysia (Malay Language) 


This video is on 06 Differential Protection which is one the following covered topics: 
01 Introduction 
02 CT and VT
03 Relay Classification 
04 Grandfather of all Protection – OCEF 
05 Directional OC 
============ 
06 Differential Protection
============ 
07 Types of System Earthing

Saturday, May 9, 2020

Protection System - 05 Directional Over Current (By CoEE)

Technical sharing on Electrical Protection System: 05 Directional Overcurrent by Crux of Electrical Engineering, Malaysia. Presentation dan komentar dalam Bahasa Malaysia (Malay Language) Yotube link: https://youtu.be/Bnub-8vwnN0 This video is on 05 Directional Overcurrent which is one the following covered topics: 01 Introduction 02 CT and VT - Part 2 - On VT 03 Relay Classification 04 Grandfather of all Protection – OCEF ============ 05 Directional OC ============ 06 Differential Protection 07 Types of System Earthing 08 Making sure the right relay operates 09 Understanding the Drawings 10 CB Trip Coil – How To Check 11 Transformer Protection 12 Cable Protection 13 Motor Protection 14 Generator Protection 15 Capacitor Bank Protection 16 Making sure everything works 17 Additional – Short Circuit Calculation #cruxofelectricalengineering #cruxofee #electricalengineering #electricaltraining #Malaysia #protectionrelay #BahasaMalaysia #ocef #overcurrent #earthfault #aruslebih #docef #ANSI67 #ANSI67G #DirectionalOvercurrent Thank you for listening. Please don’t forget to: - Youtube Channel: Crux of EE @ https://bit.ly/2wwtsb8 - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/cruxofee - Web: www.cruxofee.com - Instagram: @cruxofee - Any questions, you can email or comment below Crux of Electrical Engineering E: cruxofee@gmail.com

Thursday, May 7, 2020

Protection System - 04 Grandfather of all Protection – OCEF (by CoEE)

Technical sharing on Electrical Protection System: Grandfather of all Protection – OCEF by Crux of Electrical Engineering, Malaysia. Presentation dan komentar dalam Bahasa Malaysia (Malay Language) Yotube link: https://youtu.be/zD4XUSbcHF8
This video is on 04 Grandfather of all Protection – OCEF, which is one the following covered topics: 01 Introduction 02 CT and VT - Part 2 - On VT 03 Relay Classification ============ 04 Grandfather of all Protection – OCEF ============ 05 Directional OC 06 Differential Protection

Saturday, May 2, 2020

Protection System - 03 Relay Classification (By CoEE)

Technical sharing on Electrical Protection System: Relay Classification by Crux of Electrical Engineering, Malaysia. 

Presentation dan komentar dalam Bahasa Malaysia (Malay Language) 

This video is on 03 Relay Classification, which is one the following covered topics: 
01 Introduction 
02 CT and VT
============ 
03 Relay Classification 
============ 
04 Grandfather of all Protection – OCEF 
05 Directional OC
06 Differential Protection 
07 Types of System Earthing 

Thursday, April 30, 2020

Protection System - 02 (Part 2) Voltage Transformer (By CoEE)

Technical sharing on Electrical Protection System: Voltage Transformer by Crux of Electrical Engineering, Malaysia.
Presentation dan komentar dalam Bahasa Malaysia (Malay Language)
Yotube link: https://youtu.be/TkF6PdxU9ss

This video is on 02 part 2 Voltage Transformer, which is one the following covered topics:
01 Introduction ============ 02 CT and VT - Part 2 - On VT ============ 03 Relay Classification 04 Grandfather of all Protection – OCEF 05 Directional OC

Tuesday, April 28, 2020

Protection System - 02 Current Transformer (By CoEE)

Technical sharing on Electrical Protection System: Current Transformer by Crux of Electrical Engineering, Malaysia. Presentation dan komentar dalam Bahasa Malaysia (Malay Language) Youtube Video Link: https://youtu.be/MaygKuZnUpk

This video is on 02 Current Transformer, which is one the following covered topics:
01 Introduction ============ 02 CT and VT -> Only CT in this video ============ 03 Relay Classification 04 Grandfather of all Protection – OCEF 05 Directional OC 06 Differential Protection

Sunday, April 26, 2020

Protection System - 01 Introduction (By CoEE)

Technical sharing on Electrical Protection System by Crux of Electrical Engineering, Malaysia. Presentation dan komentar dalam Bahasa Malaysia (Malay Language)

Youtube link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3C0kHLO1_2A


This video is on 01 Introduction, which is one the following covered topics: ============ 01 Introduction ============ 02 CT and VT 03 Relay Classification 04 Grandfather of all Protection – OCEF 05 Directional OC 06 Differential Protection

Synchronizing Check Relay atau Geganti Pasti Segerakan (ANSI 25)

=================
Synchro Check Relay (ANSI No. 25)
=================
Mesti tuan-tuan selalu jumpa relay ni kan? Kebanyakan multi function relay microprocessor/numeric sudah ada built-in dalam relay, masih ada juga yang jenis single function relay khas untuk synchro sahaja. Selalu digunakan untuk memberi permissive untuk CLOSE Breaker antara 2 punca berlainan.

Apa syarat-syarat untuk kita boleh synchro?
1. Voltan mesti lah sama
2. Phase angle mesti lah sama
3. Phase rotation mestilah pada arah yg sama
4. Frequency juga mesti lah sama

Tapi tuan-tuan tengok dalam protection relay, setting untuk function 25 ada beberapa typical setting yg ada. Ini adalah contoh untuk Siemens Reyrolle 7SR2244. Seperti pada gambar.


=======
7SR2244
=======

Voltage reference: Vab.
Ini bermakna reference digunakan adalah Voltage red (a) dan yellow (b) phase. Relay jenis ini mempunyai 2 voltage input (1 untuk incomer side - 4 wire (R, Y, B, N dan 1 lagi untuk bus bar - 2 wire sahaja). Jadi bila dipilih setting Vab, belah incomer automatic akan gunakan V_incomer (R-Y). Untuk voltage input 2, memandangkan hanya ada 2 wire sahaja, sambungan dari VT atau PT belah bus bar side harus lah juga menggunakan V_bus (R-Y). Jika tidak memang tidak akan synchro la sampai ke sudah.

Monday, April 20, 2020

ABB REF615 DEMO (Link to ABB)




ABB REF615 DEMO: http://protectionrelays-simulator.abb.com/…/simulator_demo.…

Assalamualaikum dan salam sejahtera semua,

Ni ada satu link bagus untuk interaksi dengan relay ABB jenis REF 615 untuk Feeder.

Antara interaksi yang boleh boleh dilakukan:-

1. Fault simulation (OC, EF, Dir EF)

Friday, April 17, 2020

How To Check IDMT Trip Time (Spot Check) During Relay Testing



Technical sharing on How To Check IDMT Relay Calibration by Crux of Electrical Engineering, Malaysia. 


Material in English tapi presentation dan komentar dalam Bahasa Malaysia (Malay Language) 

The topics are on: 
1. Explanation on typical OCEF Relay Calibration report 
2. Introduction to IDMT

Monday, April 13, 2020

Technical Sharing: Fuse by CoEE




Technical sharing on fuse by Crux of Electrical Engineering, Malaysia.

Material is in English tapi presentation dan komentar dalam Bahasa Malaysia (Malay Language)

Material link: https://bit.ly/2yNOnar. It's free, but please give some credit in your website, presentation, video or pictures to www.cruxofee.com if you plan to use it.

The topics are on: 
  • Definitions in a fuse rating name plate
  • Fuse Characteristic
  • Type of Fuses
  • Fuse Construction
  • Selection of Fuse for Motor, Transformer and Capacitor
  • Fuse and Overload/IDMT discrimination i.e. discriminate between fuse and overload/ IDMT OC to protect the contactor / vacuum contactor unit

=======================
Crux of Electrical Engineering
========================
Email: cruxofee@gmail.com 
 

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